From Eduard Schulte 18 November 1879
Summary
Supports CD’s theory but doubts that butterfly life-cycle is consistent with it. Metamorphosis of butterflies is not comparable to that of other insects.
Comments on butterfly fertilisation of flowers.
| Author: | Eduard Schulte |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 18 Nov 1879 |
| Classmark: | DAR 177: 66 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-12329 |
Matches: 19 hits
- … overrun the citadel through the ranks of butterflies. Take care that you may keep well. …
- … Supports CD’s theory but doubts that butterfly life-cycle is consistent with it. …
- … Metamorphosis of butterflies is not comparable to that of other …
- … insects. Comments on butterfly fertilisation of flowers. …
- … but I wonder in what way the life of butterflies is consistent with this theory. In the …
- … which is very well defended on every side, butterflies are as it were a weak point, where …
- … In Descent 1: 386, CD described male butterflies as ‘pugnacious’ and remarked on the …
- … the feeding behaviour of moths and butterflies in Orchids 2d ed. , pp. 20–5, 38–41. …
- … some free and generous act of nature, butterflies seem to have been given their form and …
- … apt and identical for both death and marriage. For the male butterfly dies after mating ( …
- … an over-wintering butterfly holds back from mating), the female dies after laying eggs. …
- … to be compared with the transformation of butterflies: for those other types carry on with …
- … with an amazing variety of armour and tools. However, most butterflies certainly abstain …
- … from food, no butterfly as far as I know can sting or bite or kill or infect with poison …
- … poison and hairs) or attack in any way. Butterflies alone of all the creatures on this …
- … absolutely nothing by the whole life of the butterfly except reproduction. Among plants, …
- … outward appearance of the flower: among butterflies, feeding and reproducing do not take …
- … the caterpillar is the feeding creature, the butterfly the reproducing creature; or you …
- … may more correctly say that the butterfly is a winged reproductive organ or rather a …
From George Fraser 12 April 1871
Summary
On sexual selection in butterflies. [See GF’s article in Nature 3 (1870–1): 489; also Descent (1875): 312.]
| Author: | George Rae Thomson (George) Fraser |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 12 Apr 1871 |
| Classmark: | DAR 89: 100–2 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-7677 |
Matches: 19 hits
- … On sexual selection in butterflies. [See GF’s article in Nature 3 (1870–1): 489; also …
- … April 1871. To | Cha s . Darwin Esq r . Sexual Selection—Butterflies. Dear Sir, I take the …
- … notes on sexual differences in British butterflies, which may, as I hope, prove of some …
- … of Man” p. 396 you say, referring to butterflies, that “the lower surface (of the wings) …
- … 1: 396–7. Pieris brassicae is the cabbage butterfly, or cabbage white. Pieris rapae is the …
- … small cabbage white. Pieris napi is the green-veined white butterfly. …
- … Fraser uses ‘cabbage butterflies’ as a group name to describe all three species. …
- … Anthocharis cardamines is the orange-tip butterfly. CD had discussed the markings of male …
- … is now Maniola jurtina , the meadow-brown butterfly. Hipparchia tithonus is now Pyronia …
- … Wallace believed that coloration in butterflies was a protective mechanism developed …
- … Thus, for example, in the Cabbage butterflies, the under-surface is alike in both sexes of …
- … of their upper surfaces. When these butterflies alight & close their wings, the under- …
- … colour on the upper surface of the male butterfly prevails. So it is also with Thecla …
- … of these different species. The female butterflies, in this case, would seem to wish their …
- … The blue blood is very strong in these butterflies, & will show itself sometimes even in …
- … With the blues as with the Cabbage butterflies, the under-surface of the hind-wings …
- … adapted for protective purposes; every butterfly-hunter knows how difficult it is to …
- … Thecla betulae is the brown hairstreak butterfly. Descent 1: 387. Fraser uses the word ‘ …
- … slight that you say at page 387 “with those (butterflies) which are plain coloured, as the …
From Fritz Müller 14 June 1871
Summary
Discussion of mimicry and sexual selection among butterflies, occasioned by reading Descent.
| Author: | Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 14 June 1871 |
| Classmark: | DAR 89: 91–3; DAR 142: 58 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-7820 |
Matches: 18 hits
- … of mimicry and sexual selection among butterflies, occasioned by reading Descent . …
- … the chapter (XI) on the sexual selection of Butterflies and on this head I hope you will …
- … of the most interesting of our mimicking butterflies is Leptalis Melite (I, 1 a . III, 2– …
- … here, which does not imitate any common butterfly. — Are we to assume, that the mimicking …
- … very truly yours | Fritz Müller NB. The butterflies, mentioned in this letter, have been …
- … Phoebis philea , the orange-barred sulphur butterfly. Quamoclit is now considered to be a …
- … Papilio thoas is the thoas swallowtail butterfly. See Descent 1: 412. CD had argued that …
- … were moderately similar in colour. Ithomia is a butterfly genus in the subfamily Danainae. …
- … is the family of white and sulphur butterflies. Amazonas : Amazon (river) (Portuguese). …
- … Mechanitis lysimnia is a butterfly in the subfamily Danainae. …
- … references refer to the specimens of butterfly forewings that he included with his letter. …
- … as a group name rather than in reference to Maniola jurtina , the meadow brown butterfly. …
- … Heterochroa is now Limenitis (the admiral butterflies). Leptalis melite is now Enantia …
- … Müller, however, probably refers to the butterfly now known as Enantia clarissa (formerly …
- … the blue surface is exposed to view. — Butterflies not only discover flowers by colour; …
- … hand forms so dissimilar as the white butterfly (I, 1), Acræa Thalia (I, 2) and Mechanitis …
- … mimicked by a Leptalis, nor by any other butterfly,—while on the Amazonas Ithomiæ appear …
- … imitated more frequently than any other butterflies. The fact may perhaps be explained by …
From Eduard Schulte 23 October 1879
Summary
Sends drawing and description of butterfly discovered in Celebes. It is noteworthy for its colour, which plays a role in mating.
| Author: | Eduard Schulte |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 23 Oct 1879 |
| Classmark: | DAR 177: 64 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-12254 |
Matches: 15 hits
- … Sends drawing and description of butterfly discovered in Celebes. It is noteworthy for its …
- … is the common eggfly. CD referred to the butterfly under the synonym Diadema bolina in …
- … action of raising and lowering the wings (by which male butterflies attract the females)— …
- … useful in other butterflies should be in a certain sense necessary to this one. For …
- … illustration and description of a certain butterfly that is found on the island of Celebes …
- … will welcome this description, if indeed this butterfly is not already known to you; for I …
- … small value to you in your hunt amongst butterflies for the significance and explanation …
- … of raising and lowering the wings, by which the male butterflies attract the females, …
- … useful to other butterflies, is in a way vital to this one: for if it did not do this, …
- … seen at all or not enough: thus in this butterfly its splendour, the action of its wings, …
- … and the art of love are more closely joined together than in any other butterfly. …
- … in alio papilione. He who looks at the butterfly from behind does not see the brilliant …
- … between the male and female forms of this butterfly, for while the under part of each does …
- … even three rings. For when you view the butterfly from angle B C, only ring 3 flashes …
- … third. Someone who looks from behind the butterfly (C˘) does not see the blue flash at all …
From Fritz Müller 5 April 1878
Summary
Observations on a sensitive Mimosa.
Comments on structure and positioning of "odoriferous organs" of moths and butterflies,
and feeding habits of butterfly larvae.
| Author: | Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 5 Apr 1878 |
| Classmark: | Oxford University Museum of Natural History (Hope Entomological Collections 1350: Hope/Westwood Archive, Darwin folder) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11463 |
Matches: 13 hits
- … on structure and positioning of "odoriferous organs" of moths and butterflies, and feeding …
- … habits of butterfly larvae. …
- … tribe Heliconiini, passion-vine butterflies. Dione vanillae (a synonym of Agraulis …
- … some specimens of both sexes of this butterfly, and indeed the male has a very strong …
- … nervures. It is curious that in this butterfly the production of the odour appears to be …
- … Passiflora quadrangularis eggs of a butterfly, which evidently belonged to some Heliconius …
- … that of the pope, the infallibility of butterflies also is not absolute. In consequence I …
- … eligius ) is a species of skipper butterfly (family Hesperiidae). Otto Staudinger was a …
- … a misspelling) is the scarlet peacock butterfly; Victorina trayja is a synonym of Siproeta …
- … giant granadilla. Heliconiinae is the subfamily of longwing butterflies that includes the …
- … into a large cone. You know that among butterflies the males of some Hesperidæ have large …
- … extracted from the abdomen of female butterflies. The main difficulty consists in finding …
- … the caterpillars of nearly related butterflies feed on the same or on nearly related …
From Raphael Meldola 6 February 1879
Summary
Has arranged for publication of his translation of Weismann.
S. H. Scudder article on sexual dimorphism in butterflies [Proc. Am. Acad. Arts & Sci. 12 (1877): 150–8].
| Author: | Raphael Meldola |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 6 Feb 1879 |
| Classmark: | DAR 171: 134 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11861 |
Matches: 11 hits
- … H. Scudder article on sexual dimorphism in butterflies [ Proc. Am. Acad. Arts & Sci. 12 ( …
- … Edwards, William Henry. 1868–72. The butterflies of North America. Philadelphia: American …
- … Edwards, William Henry. 1884. The butterflies of North America. Second series. Boston: …
- … on Phyciodes tharos were described in Butterflies of North America , second series ( …
- … I (1880): On the seasonal dimorphism of butterflies. Part II (1881): The origin of the …
- … 1877. Antigeny, or sexual dimorphism in butterflies. [Read 14 March 1877. ] Proceedings of …
- … you have seen the last part of his “Butterflies of N. America” containing the results of …
- … day—“Antigeny, or Sexual Dimorphism in Butterflies”—in which he brings arguments against …
- … of Müller 1879 appeared with the title ‘Butterflies with dissimilar sexes’ in Nature , 24 …
- … s essay on seasonal dimorphism in butterflies ( Weismann 1875–6, vol. 1 ) was the first …
- … with Papilio ajax were described in his Butterflies of North America ( Edwards 1868–72 , …
From A. R. Wallace 24 February [1867]
Summary
Protective role of colours in caterpillars and butterflies. Sexual differences in colours of butterflies.
| Author: | Alfred Russel Wallace |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 24 Feb [1867] |
| Classmark: | DAR 82: A19–21 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-5416 |
Matches: 10 hits
- … Protective role of colours in caterpillars and butterflies. …
- … Sexual differences in colours of butterflies. …
- … distasteful to birds. My female mimetic butterfly is much more beautiful than the male, …
- … acted to produce the colours of male butterflies. I have thought that it was merely that …
- … produced. Undoubtedly two or three male butterflies do often follow a female, but whether …
- … be decided by experiment? If a lot of common butterflies were bred, say our “brimstone” or …
- … view that the bright colours of male butterflies were due to sexual selection (see letter …
- … 1867) . Wallace refers to Gonepteryx rhamni (brimstone butterfly), and to Anthocharis …
- … cardamines (orange-tip butterfly). In Descent …
- … 409, CD stated that the male brimstone butterfly had probably acquired his bright colours …
From J. I. Rogers 13 January 1880
Summary
Responds to article in Nature on the sexual colours of butterflies [Collected papers 2: 220–2].
| Author: | John Innes Rogers |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 13 Jan 1880 |
| Classmark: | DAR 176: 200 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-12422 |
Matches: 9 hits
- … to article in Nature on the sexual colours of butterflies [ Collected papers 2: 220–2]. …
- … in some cases the forewings of our British Butterflies, are either conspicuously marked …
- … cases in which the wings of male butterflies were iridescent on the upper surface only …
- … served a protective function when the butterflies were at rest. The red admiral is Vanessa …
- … similarly coloured. It may be that the butterflies are on the wing chiefly at times when …
- … Or again, the ready recognition of the butterflies by each other, may be so advantageous …
- … the risk of capture by birds. Some butterflies—the metallic looking fritillaries for …
- … not prevent complete protection when the butterfly was at rest. Cases in point, are, the …
- … seems strange that some of our brilliant Butterflies, like the Red Admiral, should be so …
From Raphael Meldola 13 June 1878
Summary
Would like to read Weismann’s essay on Daphnidae.
Fritz Müller’s paper on odours emitted by butterflies was read at last Entomological Society meeting.
| Author: | Raphael Meldola |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 13 June 1878 |
| Classmark: | DAR 171: 129 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11553 |
Matches: 9 hits
- … Müller’s paper on odours emitted by butterflies was read at last Entomological Society …
- … to believe in sexual selection as a cause for the colours of butterflies. Fritz Müller’ …
- … s paper on the “Odours emitted by Butterflies” was duly read at the last meeting— Bates …
- … posited a similar explanation for bright colours in butterflies. Fritz Müller’s ‘Notes on …
- … Brazilian entomology. Odours emitted by butterflies and moths’ ( F. Müller 1878 ), sent …
- … odour of vanilla emitted by certain butterflies. Without a more complete examination of …
- … or manes on the wings, &c. , of butterflies were scent-secreting organs’ ( Transactions of …
- … published on sexual selection in Brazilian butterflies and on hair-tufts, felted spots, …
- … brushes, and similar structures in male butterflies ( F. Müller 1877a and 1877b). Cameron …
Kirby, William Forsell. 1862. A manual of European butterflies, on the plan of Stainton’s Manual of British butterflies and moths. London and Edinburgh.
Matches: 2 hits
- … Kirby, William Forsell. 1862. A manual of European butterflies, on the plan of …
- … Stainton’s Manual of British butterflies and moths. London and Edinburgh. 10 …
To Eduard Schulte 28 October 1879
Summary
Discusses case of colour display in butterfly.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Eduard Schulte |
| Date: | 28 Oct 1879 |
| Classmark: | DAR 147: 428 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-12274 |
Matches: 4 hits
- … Discusses case of colour display in butterfly. …
- … next go to London I will look at this butterfly in the British Museum, that I may be able …
- … Celebes is now Sulawesi in Indonesia. The butterfly was Hypolimnas bolina , the common …
- … magnificent colours in the wings of butterflies appear only from certain points of view. …
To James Shaw 11 February [1866]
Summary
Discusses beauty of birds and butterflies.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | James Shaw |
| Date: | 11 Feb [1866] |
| Classmark: | R. Wallace ed. 1899, pp. lvi–lvii; |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-5004 |
Matches: 7 hits
- … Discusses beauty of birds and butterflies. …
- … I should very much like to hear them. Butterflies offer an excellent instance of beauty …
- … know that the males of many foreign butterflies are much more brilliantly coloured than …
- … colour differences between male and female butterflies were due to sexual selection acting …
- … Bates emphasised that the colours of butterflies were generally more beautiful in males …
- … in females, and noted that ‘handsome’ butterflies were more numerous in tropical than in …
- … in relation to sexual selection in butterflies ( Correspondence vol. 9, letters from H. …
From Roland Trimen 13 January 1868
Summary
Variations in the ocelli of Lepidoptera.
Encloses six pages from his catalogue of S. African butterflies [Rhopalocera Africae australis, 2 pts (1862, 1866)].
| Author: | Roland Trimen |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 13 Jan 1868 |
| Classmark: | DAR 84.1: 40–2, 168 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-5785 |
Matches: 11 hits
- … six pages from his catalogue of S. African butterflies [ Rhopalocera Africae australis , 2 …
- … being tolerably exact. Cyllo Leda is a butterfly so extremely subject to variation in the …
- … Australis; a catalogue of South African butterflies, comprising descriptions of all the …
- … s tail says that in the meadow brown butterflies there are infinite variations from a …
- … is now Erebia ligea , the Arran brown butterfly. This information was given in the letter …
- … refers to notes on sexual differences in butterflies that he later received in the letter …
- … Part 2 of my Catalogue of S. African Butterflies which refers to C. Leda , in order to …
- … of the species. The tendency of this butterfly to vary is not only very strong, but seems …
- … The family ( Satyridæ ) to which the butterfly belongs, is one in which nearly all the …
- … Mycalesis is the genus of bushbrown butterflies. Trimen refers to Saturnia pavonia . …
- … communication). The meadow brown butterfly is now Maniola jurtina (family Nymphalidae). In …
To Raphael Meldola 19 October [1877]
Summary
Interesting article by Fritz Müller on sexual selection in butterflies, Kosmos [1 (1877): 388–95].
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Raphael Meldola |
| Date: | 19 Oct [1877] |
| Classmark: | Oxford University Museum of Natural History (Hope Entomological Collections 1350: Hope/Westwood Archive, Darwin folder) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11189 |
Matches: 4 hits
- … article by Fritz Müller on sexual selection in butterflies, Kosmos [1 (1877): 388–95]. …
- … sexual selection & sexual differences in Butterflies. — If you care to see it please send …
- … the article in Kosmos on sexual selection in butterflies; it formed the second part of his …
- … three-part essay on observations on Brazilian butterflies ( Fritz Müller 1877a). …
To H. T. Stainton 28 February [1868]
Summary
Asks whether the colouring of particular butterflies has any protective function, to ascertain whether the function is other than sexual.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Henry Tibbats Stainton |
| Date: | 28 Feb [1868] |
| Classmark: | E.W. Classey Ltd (dealers) (1974) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-5949 |
Matches: 4 hits
- … that female A. cardamines resembled the white butterflies ( Pieris ) common in gardens. …
- … whether the colouring of particular butterflies has any protective function, to ascertain …
- … mingled with large & small Cabbage Butterflies, for which, it is possible, they might be …
- … CD also refers to Pieris brassicae (the cabbage butterfly). In Descent 1: 409, CD remarked …
From Eduard Schulte 30 October 1879
Summary
Asks for reference to article on butterfly [see CD’s "Sexual colours of certain butterflies", Collected papers 2: 220–2].
| Author: | Eduard Schulte |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 30 Oct 1879 |
| Classmark: | DAR 177: 65 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-12278 |
Matches: 5 hits
- … Asks for reference to article on butterfly [see CD’s " …
- … Sexual colours of certain butterflies", Collected papers 2: 220–2]. …
- … to write anything about that particular butterfly, you would send me either one copy of “ …
- … had written to CD about the iridescent butterfly Hypolimnas bolina (the common eggfly, …
- … CD wrote about sexual coloration in butterflies, including Schulte’s case, in his letter …
From H. T. Stainton 7 March 1868
Summary
Protective coloration in butterflies.
[Alexander] Wallace’s suggestion that collecting larger larvae of females accounts for error in counting proportion of sexes.
| Author: | Henry Tibbats Stainton |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 7 Mar 1868 |
| Classmark: | DAR 86: A19–20 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-5994 |
Matches: 7 hits
- … Protective coloration in butterflies. [Alexander] Wallace’s suggestion that collecting …
- … C. Darwin Esq 1.1 With … female butterflies. 1.7] crossed pencil 2.1 D r Wallace’s … …
- … 1868] . CD had referred to the cabbage butterfly ( Pieris brassicae ). See letter to H. …
- … to the protection which the females of the Brimstone Butterfly & Orange Tip derive from …
- … their resemblance to White Butterflies—the latter are so ubiquitous that there is no doubt …
- … birds refuse to catch the Common white butterflies I am afraid the others would derive no …
- … effect on the colouring of female butterflies. D r Wallace’s suggestion with reference to …
To H. T. Stainton 2 March [1868]
Summary
Thanks HTS for his valuable information. Hopes to arrive at probable answer to question of proportion of males to females in the progeny of butterflies bred in domestication.
On courtship of butterflies, CD believes something more than chance is involved in determining which male is successful.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Henry Tibbats Stainton |
| Date: | 2 Mar [1868] |
| Classmark: | Natural History Museum, Library and Archives (General Manuscripts MSS DAR 23) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-5967 |
Matches: 9 hits
- … of proportion of males to females in the progeny of butterflies bred in domestication. …
- … On courtship of butterflies, CD believes something more than chance is involved in …
- … colouring of the brimstone & Orange-tip butterflies did not reach you in time; but my …
- … write to him about the courtship of butterflies. In the case of moths D r Wallace seems …
- … I am not mistaken I have seen several male Butterflies pursuing one female, & I cannot but …
- … of female brimstone and orange-tip butterflies ( Gonepteryx rhamni and Anthocharis …
- … cardamines ) might mimic that of cabbage butterflies ( Pieris brassicae ) for protection. …
- … in spring, none of the common white butterflies were out (see enclosure to letter from …
- … colours of the group (all these butterflies belong to the family Pieridae, commonly …
From A. G. Butler 27 March 1873
Summary
On ocelli and relation to sexual selection;
instance of rejection of male by female butterfly.
| Author: | Arthur Gardiner Butler |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 27 Mar 1873 |
| Classmark: | DAR 89: 96–7 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8829 |
Matches: 6 hits
- … and relation to sexual selection; instance of rejection of male by female butterfly. …
- … Descent of Man—Rejection of
♂ by♀ Butterflies’ ink ; ‘3’ red crayon, circled red crayon … - … information to his section on courtship in butterflies in Descent 2d ed. , p. 307. See …
- … the other day. Although the ocelli on butterflies do not differ very considerably in the …
- … remember the most approved plan amongst butterflies seems to be—to drop to the ground & …
- … I watched a pair of the small common white butterfly, the female was evidently tired & the …
From Fritz Müller 16 January 1872
Summary
Has no objection to CD’s alluding to FM’s idea that sexual selection has come into play in mimetic butterflies.
Reports observations on other butterflies and on termites.
| Author: | Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 16 Jan 1872 |
| Classmark: | DAR 142: 55 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8161 |
Matches: 9 hits
- … s alluding to FM’s idea that sexual selection has come into play in mimetic butterflies. …
- … Reports observations on other butterflies and on termites. …
- … crossed red crayon 3.1 I have … mimetic butterflies. 3.2] double scored red crayon 3.3 On …
- … come into play in the case of mimetic butterflies. I may here mention a curious fact …
- … of mine, we saw two similarly coloured butterflies playing together, whirling round and …
- … colours is so different and the two butterflies were so close together for a long time, …
- … had mentioned the preference of some butterflies for red flowers of Hedychium and other …
- … on the possible role of sexual selection in butterfly mimicry; in fact, he did not add the …
- … petreus is the ruddy daggerwing butterfly. Wing A has been identified as belonging to a …
Document type
| letter | (389) |
| bibliography | (41) |
| people | (10) |
Author
| Darwin, C. R. | (184) |
| Meldola, Raphael | (21) |
| Wallace, A. R. | (20) |
| Bates, H. W. | (18) |
| Hooker, J. D. | (15) |
Addressee
| Darwin, C. R. | (203) |
| Wallace, A. R. | (21) |
| Bates, H. W. | (19) |
| Hooker, J. D. | (19) |
| Meldola, Raphael | (15) |
Correspondent
| Darwin, C. R. | (387) |
| Wallace, A. R. | (41) |
| Bates, H. W. | (37) |
| Meldola, Raphael | (36) |
| Hooker, J. D. | (34) |
Date
| 1828 | (3) |
| 1830 | (1) |
| 1831 | (3) |
| 1844 | (1) |
| 1845 | (1) |
| 1846 | (1) |
| 1855 | (5) |
| 1856 | (7) |
| 1857 | (5) |
| 1858 | (2) |
| 1859 | (1) |
| 1860 | (9) |
| 1861 | (16) |
| 1862 | (29) |
| 1863 | (32) |
| 1864 | (9) |
| 1865 | (4) |
| 1866 | (16) |
| 1867 | (22) |
| 1868 | (66) |
| 1869 | (10) |
| 1870 | (9) |
| 1871 | (17) |
| 1872 | (13) |
| 1873 | (12) |
| 1874 | (9) |
| 1875 | (8) |
| 1876 | (4) |
| 1877 | (20) |
| 1878 | (16) |
| 1879 | (19) |
| 1880 | (6) |
| 1881 | (9) |
| 1882 | (4) |
Search:
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Human nature in Commentary
Human nature in Commentary
1 Items
Descent
Summary
There are more than five hundred letters associated with the research and writing of Darwin’s book, Descent of man and selection in relation to sex (Descent). They trace not only the tortuous route to eventual publication, but the development of Darwin’s…
Matches: 2 hits
- … questions about the colouring of male and female moths and butterflies, followed by supplementary …
- … a proposed modification of Darwin’s view that female butterflies and moths had not been ‘made dull …
